If we are talking about human sense, as we know, Taste is the ability to respond to dissolved molecules and ions called tastants. Humans detect taste by clustered in taste bud. Human’s tongue has a pore that opens out to the surface enabling molecules and ions reach the receptor cells inside. Actually, there are five primary taste sensations, which are Salty, Sour, Sweet, Bitter and Umami
As we know, when we are talking about taste we have to think of Smell too. This is because Smell and Taste always come together. Smell and taste belong to our chemical sensing system start from nerve cells in the nose, mouth and throat. Then, these cells transmit messages connect directly to the brain, where specific smells or tastes are identified.
However, only taste could not make us deeply know in everything such as if we are closing our eyes and nose, then taste some weird material, which we never have recognized it before, we might classify it that it probably be water, food or something else but we couldn’t accurately identify what it is. So, we have to use other human senses can help the brain to solve it. From research, color (sense of sight) is one thing that much influence to people understanding. Because each color has meaning itself such as Red is the color of fire and blood, Blue is the color of the sky and sea and it is often associated with depth and stability and white is associated with light, goodness, innocence, purity, and virginity, etc. As we know, we also use color in almost every advertisement of food or drink. For example, if we want to promote energy drinks and we give it to testers to taste it with the light blue package, they can realize that it is water but they might not sure about the kind or that drink. So, if we use the dark red package instead that can help their brain to make decision easily or correctly because the red color also present about energy much better than light blue. Though we also have to think about suitable smell too.
On the other hand, the sense of taste does not exactly refer to only taste, in some case, a cross over from one pathway to the other might be occurred such as seeing the color yellow-green may remind sourness, pink may suggest sweetness called Synaesthesia. Moreover, feeling of people with a strong sense of Synaesthesia is very different from a normal people. For example, a food might be heard or sound might be felt.
Therefore, if we would like to communicate people via the taste and get back the correct result we have to consider it carefully such as identity of taste, package including color. Nevertheless, there is the big problem about taste called Taste Disorders, which means Loss of Taste. Some people are born with taste disorder even infections, injury or illness also cause taste problems and taste disorder might result from health problems too. Anyway, some case of Test disorder probably be treated but some case cannot be treated.
Reference
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/T/Taste.html#salty
http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-meaning.html
http://ucdthinkbelieve.blogspot.com/2007/09/synaesthesia.html
http://www.bluecatsandchartreusekittens.com/nletter4.html
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/smelltaste/taste.asp
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